Advertisement
Review Article|Articles in Press

Pathobiology of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

Published:March 08, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2023.01.001

      Keywords

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribers receive full online access to your subscription and archive of back issues up to and including 2002.

      Content published before 2002 is available via pay-per-view purchase only.

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Eslam M.
        • Newsome P.N.
        • Sarin S.K.
        • et al.
        A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An international expert consensus statement.
        J Hepatol. 2020; 73: 202-209
        • Godoy-Matos A.F.
        • Silva Júnior W.S.
        • Valerio C.M.
        NAFLD as a continuum: from obesity to metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
        Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2020; 12: 60
        • Buzzetti E.
        • Pinzani M.
        • Tsochatzis E.A.
        The multiple-hit pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
        Metabolism. 2016; 65: 1038-1048
        • Dai W.
        • Ye L.
        • Liu A.
        • et al.
        Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis.
        Medicine (Baltim). 2017; 96: e8179
        • Younossi Z.
        • Anstee Q.M.
        • Marietti M.
        • et al.
        Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention.
        Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018; 15: 11-20
        • Le M.H.
        • Devaki P.
        • Ha N.B.
        • et al.
        Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk factors for advanced fibrosis and mortality in the United States.
        PLoS One. 2017; 12: e0173499
        • van Vliet-Ostaptchouk J.V.
        • Nuotio M.L.
        • Slagter S.N.
        • et al.
        The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and metabolically healthy obesity in Europe: a collaborative analysis of ten large cohort studies.
        BMC Endocr Disord. 2014; 14: 9
        • Jinjuvadia R.
        • Antaki F.
        • Lohia P.
        • et al.
        The Association Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Abnormalities in The United States Population.
        J Clin Gastroenterol. 2017; 51: 160-166https://doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000000666
        • Bhargav V.
        • Jain M.
        • Alen T.
        • et al.
        Clusters and components of metabolic syndrome (MeS) as a predictor for fatty liver: A cross-sectional study.
        Journal of Diabetology. 2021; 12: 434-441
        • Young S.
        • Tariq R.
        • Provenza J.
        • et al.
        Prevalence and profile of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in lean adults: systematic review and Meta-Analysis.
        Hepatology communications. 2020; 4: 953-972
        • Vilarinho S.
        • Ajmera V.
        • Zheng M.
        • et al.
        Emerging role of genomic analysis in clinical evaluation of lean individuals with NAFLD.
        Hepatol. 2021; 74: 2241-2250
        • Kim Y.
        • Han E.
        • Lee J.S.
        • et al.
        Cardiovascular risk is elevated in lean subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
        Gut and liver. 2022; 16: 290
        • Botello-Manilla A.E.
        • Chávez-Tapia N.C.
        • Uribe M.
        • et al.
        Genetics and epigenetics purpose in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
        Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 14: 733-748
        • Arrese M.
        • Arab J.P.
        • Barrera F.
        • et al.
        Insights into Nonalcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease Heterogeneity.
        Semin Liver Dis. 2021; 41: 421-434
        • van der Meer R.W.
        • Hammer S.
        • Lamb H.J.
        • et al.
        Effects of short-term high-fat, high-energy diet on hepatic and myocardial triglyceride content in healthy men.
        J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93: 2702-2708
        • Romero-Gómez M.
        • Zelber-Sagi S.
        • Trenell M.
        Treatment of NAFLD with diet, physical activity and exercise.
        Journal of hepatology. 2017; 67: 829-846
        • Wong V.W.-S.
        • Wong G.L.-H.
        • Chan R.S.-M.
        • et al.
        Beneficial effects of lifestyle intervention in non-obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
        Journal of hepatology. 2018; 69: 1349-1356
        • Ma Q.
        • Ye J.
        • Shao C.
        • et al.
        Metabolic benefits of changing sedentary lifestyles in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
        Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2022; 13 (20420188221122426)
        • Wei H.
        • Qu H.
        • Wang H.
        • et al.
        Associations between sitting time and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases in Chinese male workers: a cross-sectional study.
        BMJ Open. 2016; 6: e011939
        • Aron-Wisnewsky J.
        • Vigliotti C.
        • Witjes J.
        • et al.
        Gut microbiota and human NAFLD: disentangling microbial signatures from metabolic disorders.
        Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 17: 279-297
        • Fajstova A.
        • Galanova N.
        • Coufal S.
        • et al.
        Diet rich in simple sugars promotes pro-inflammatory response via gut microbiota alteration and TLR4 signaling.
        Cells. 2020; 9: 2701
        • Loomba R.
        • Seguritan V.
        • Li W.
        • et al.
        Gut microbiome-based metagenomic signature for non-invasive detection of advanced fibrosis in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
        Cell Metabol. 2017; 25: 1054-1062.e5
        • Berardis S.
        • Sokal E.
        Pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an increasing public health issue.
        Eur J Pediatr. 2014; 173: 131-139
        • Kleiner D.E.
        • Makhlouf H.R.
        Histology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Adults and Children.
        Clin Liver Dis. 2016; 20: 293-312
        • Nishioji K.
        • Sumida Y.
        • Kamaguchi M.
        • et al.
        Prevalence of and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a non-obese Japanese population, 2011–2012.
        J Gastroenterol. 2015; 50: 95-108
        • Eslam M.
        • El-Serag H.B.
        • Francque S.
        • et al.
        Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease in individuals of normal weight.
        Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022; 19: 638-651
        • Ye Q.
        • Zou B.
        • Yeo Y.H.
        • et al.
        Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of non-obese or lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
        Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 5: 739-752
        • Tang A.
        • Ng C.H.
        • Phang P.H.
        • et al.
        Comparative Burden of Metabolic Dysfunction in Lean NAFLD vs. Non-Lean NAFLD-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
        Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022; S1542-3565: 00669-00673
        • Targher G.
        • Byrne C.D.
        • Lonardo A.
        • et al.
        Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis.
        Journal of hepatology. 2016; 65: 589-600
        • Zeb I.
        • Li D.
        • Budoff M.J.
        • et al.
        Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and incident cardiac events: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.
        J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016; 67: 1965-1966
        • Sookoian S.
        • Pirola C.J.
        Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis: A systematic review.
        J Hepatol. 2008; 49: 600-607
        • Mantovani A.
        • Mingolla L.
        • Rigolon R.
        • et al.
        Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in adult patients with type 1 diabetes.
        Int J Cardiol. 2016; 225: 387-391
        • Targher G.
        • Valbusa F.
        • Bonapace S.
        • et al.
        Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
        PLoS One. 2013; 8: e57183
        • Arai T.
        • Atsukawa M.
        • Tsubota A.
        • et al.
        Liver fibrosis is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with liver biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
        Sci Rep. 2021; 11: 15938
        • Kim T.N.
        • Park M.S.
        • Lim K.I.
        • et al.
        Skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio is associated with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS).
        Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011; 93: 285-291
        • Wijarnpreecha K.
        • Kim D.
        • Raymond P.
        • et al.
        Associations between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis in the USA.
        Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019; 31: 1121-1128
        • Sinn D.H.
        • Kang D.
        • Kang M.
        • et al.
        Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and accelerated loss of skeletal muscle mass: A longitudinal cohort study.
        Hepatology. 2022; 76: 1746-1754
        • Umbro I.
        • Fabiani V.
        • Fabiani M.
        • et al.
        Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obstructive sleep apnea.
        World J Gastroenterol. 2020; 26: 2669-2681
        • Chung G.E.
        • Cho E.J.
        • Yoo J.-J.
        • et al.
        Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with the development of obstructive sleep apnea.
        Sci Rep. 2021; 11: 13473
        • Vacelet L.
        • Hupin D.
        • Pichot V.
        • et al.
        Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes in Asymptomatic Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results of the PROOF Cohort Study After 7 Years of Follow-Up.
        Front Physiol. 2021; 12: 650758
        • Sarkar M.
        • Grab J.
        • Dodge J.L.
        • et al.
        Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
        J Hepatol. 2020; 73: 516-522
        • Hagström H.
        • Höijer J.
        • Ludvigsson J.F.
        • et al.
        Adverse outcomes of pregnancy in women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
        Liver Int. 2016; 36: 268-274
        • Lonardo A.
        • Mantovani A.
        • Lugari S.
        • et al.
        NAFLD in some common endocrine diseases: prevalence, pathophysiology, and principles of diagnosis and management.
        Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20: 2841
        • Wu J.
        • Yao X.-Y.
        • Shi R.-X.
        • et al.
        A potential link between polycystic ovary syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an update meta-analysis.
        Reprod Health. 2018; 15: 1-9
        • Baranova A.
        • Tran T.P.
        • Afendy A.
        • et al.
        Molecular signature of adipose tissue in patients with both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
        J Transl Med. 2013; 11: 1-8
        • De Lorenzo A.
        • Noce A.
        • Moriconi E.
        • et al.
        MOSH Syndrome (Male Obesity Secondary Hypogonadism): Clinical Assessment and Possible Therapeutic Approaches.
        Nutrients. 2018; 10: 474
        • Kapoor D.
        • Aldred H.
        • Clark S.
        • et al.
        Clinical and biochemical assessment of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes: correlations with bioavailable testosterone and visceral adiposity.
        Diabetes Care. 2007; 30: 911-917
        • Kalinchenko S.Y.
        • Tishova Y.A.
        • Mskhalaya G.J.
        • et al.
        Effects of testosterone supplementation on markers of the metabolic syndrome and inflammation in hypogonadal men with the metabolic syndrome: the double-blinded placebo-controlled Moscow study.
        Clinical endocrinology. 2010; 73: 602-612
        • Nikolaenko L.
        • Jia Y.
        • Wang C.
        • et al.
        Testosterone replacement ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in castrated male rats.
        Endocrinology. 2014; 155: 417-428
        • Newsome P.N.
        • Buchholtz K.
        • Cusi K.
        • et al.
        A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Subcutaneous Semaglutide in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.
        N Engl J Med. 2021; 384: 1113-1124